EST. 1965

ICOMOS
International

The global authority on cultural heritage conservation

ICOMOS works worldwide to protect cultural heritage through expertise, international cooperation, and the development of global conservation standards.

Global Impact

Six decades of shaping how the world understands, protects, and transmits cultural heritage

World Heritage Properties

900

Nominations Evaluated

750 +

National Committees

20 +

Members Worldwide

8600 +
ICOMOS logo with stylized horse emblem and the text “ICOMOS”.

What is ICOMOS?

ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites) is a global non-governmental organization dedicated to the conservation and protection of cultural heritage places.

  • Advises UNESCO on World Heritage Sites
  • Develops international conservation standards
  • Brings together a global network of experts
  • Promotes best practices in heritage protection

From global concern to international action

A Brief History of ICOMOS

ICOMOS was created in response to the need for a unified international approach to protecting cultural heritage

1964
The Turning Point

The Venice Charter establishes international principles for the conservation and restoration of monuments and sites.

1965
Creation of ICOMOS

ICOMOS is founded to promote and apply these principles on a global scale.

1972
Global Recognition

ICOMOS becomes a key advisory body to UNESCO under the World Heritage Convention.

1980s–2000s
Expansion

A worldwide network of national and scientific committees is established.

Today
Global Authority

ICOMOS plays a central role in heritage conservation, policy, and international cooperation.

What Does ICOMOS Do?

World Heritage Advisory

Evaluates sites for UNESCO inscription

Capacity Building

Provides training and knowledge sharing

International Collaboration

Connects experts and institutions worldwide

Standards & Charters

Develops international conservation frameworks

Monitoring & Evaluation

Assesses the condition of heritage sites

Advocacy

Protects heritage under any threat that might impose

Setting global standards for heritage conservation

Development of Standards and Charters

ICOMOS contributes to the development of doctrinal and normative texts that define the principles and standards guiding the conservation of cultural heritage worldwide. These include international charters, guidelines, and recommendations that establish shared approaches to heritage conservation.

While not legally binding, these texts serve as key reference frameworks for heritage professionals, governments, and international organizations, including UNESCO. They inform decision-making processes, shape conservation policies, and support the evaluation of heritage sites, particularly within the World Heritage system.

Collective expertise: Through its network of International Scientific Committees and national committees, ICOMOS brings together multidisciplinary expertise to continuously refine these principles in response to evolving challenges in heritage conservation.

The texts developed by these professionals form the backbone of ICOMOS’s advisory role to UNESCO and underpin World Heritage evaluations.

Core Areas Addressed

Authenticity

Integrity

Restoration

Management

Sustainable Use

ICOMOS & UNESCO

Since 1972, ICOMOS has served as the principal advisory body to UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee
on matters relating to cultural and mixed heritage sites.

How a Site Becomes World Heritage

One
A State Party submits a nomination dossier to the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, demonstrating the site meets at least one of ten selection criteria.
Two
The Centre forwards cultural nominations to ICOMOS, which assigns independent expert reviewers and may organize a technical evaluation mission to the site.
Three
ICOMOS's World Heritage Panel reviews all evidence and issues one of four recommendations: Inscribe, Refer, Defer, or Not to Inscribe.
Four
The World Heritage Committee makes the final decision at its annual session, drawing heavily on ICOMOS's technical evaluation.

Beyond Nominations

ICOMOS’s role doesn’t end at inscription. The organization conducts reactive monitoring missions when a listed site faces threats, from urban encroachment and climate change to armed conflict. These missions result in State of Conservation reports presented to the Committee.

ICOMOS also contributes to upstream processes, advising countries during the early stages of nomination preparation to strengthen dossiers and avoid common pitfalls.

To date, ICOMOS has evaluated over 1,600 nominations and contributed to monitoring hundreds of the 1,199 properties currently on the World Heritage List.

Global Structure

ICOMOS operates through a three-pillar structure that connects local expertise to international action.

HEADQUARTERS

The International Secretariat — Charenton-le-Pont, France

The permanent administrative hub of ICOMOS, located near Paris. The Secretariat coordinates World Heritage evaluation missions, manages institutional relationships with UNESCO and partner organizations, supports the work of all committees, and publishes key documents including scientific proceedings and annual reports. It is led by the Director General under the authority of the elected Board.

COUNTRY LEVEL

110+ National Committees

Each committee represents ICOMOS in its country – advocating for heritage protection, advising governments, organizing training, and connecting local professionals to the global network. They also nominate members to International Scientific Committees and contribute to World Heritage monitoring.

Membership in ICOMOS is held through a National Committee. Each committee is an independent legal entity governed by its own statutes.

THEMATIC EXPERTISE

28+ International Scientific Committees

Specialized bodies that advance knowledge in focused areas of heritage conservation.
They produce doctrinal texts, organize symposia, and serve as expert pools for evaluation and advisory missions.

The General Assembly

The supreme governing body of ICOMOS, bringing together delegates from around the world

Every 3 Years

100+ National Committees

500+ Delegates

What Happens at the Assembly

  • Elects the President and Board of Directors
  • Adopts resolutions on heritage conservation policies
  • Approves the triennial work programme and budget
  • Hosts a scientific symposium on a key heritage theme
  • Reviews reports from National and Scientific Committees

The International Secretariat

The Secretariat coordinates ICOMOS activities between assemblies. It manages World Heritage evaluations, supports committees, and maintains institutional relations with UNESCO and partner organizations. It also publishes proceedings from each General Assembly, documenting resolutions and decisions that guide heritage conservation worldwide.

Interested in joining an International Scientific Committee?

Learn more about participation and guiding principles such as the Eger–Xi’an Principles.